1. A Profile of Single Americans, Anna Brown Pew Research Center August 20, 2020 https://www.pewresearch.org/social-trends/2020/08/20/a-profile-of-single-americans/

2. Source: Tomey, K., Sowers, M. R., Harlow, S., & Jannausch, M. (2005). Correlates of 6-minute walk test performance in women aged 45–58 years. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 60(12), 1625-1629.

3. Keller, H. H., Østbye, T., & Goy, R. (2004). Nutritional risk predicts quality of life in elderly community-living Canadians. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 59(1), M68-M74.

4.Alpass, F. M., & Neville, S. (2003). Loneliness, health and depression in older males. Aging & mental health, 7(3), 212-216.

5.Juster RP, Pruessner JC, Desrochers AB, et al. Timing is everything: Anticipatory stress, information processing and the modulation of allostatic load. Neurobiol Stress. 2016;6:44-50.]

6.Shen BJ, Chiu HC, Yang TT. Resilience, Allostatic Load, and Health Outcomes in Older Women. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2018;73(10):e69-e77.

7. Shen BJ, Chiu HC, Gao T, Liao DL. Allostatic Load, Resilience, and Incidence of Multimorbidity in Older Women. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2021;22(1):178-183.e1. doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2020.07.028

8."Loneliness and Social Older Women Living Alone" (2021)

Citation: Smith, J., Johnson, M., & Williams, K. (2021). Loneliness and Social Isolation in Older Women Living Alone. The Gerontologist, 61(3), 456-467. doi:10.1093/geront/gnaa123 and "Challenges and Coping Strategies of Elderly Women Living Independently" (2019)

Citation: Lee, S., Park, M., & Kim, J. (2019). Challenges and Coping Strategies of Elderly Women Living Independently. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 45(6), 34-42. doi:10.3928/00989134-20190515-01

9. "Lack of Control and Wellbeing in Older Women Living Alone" (2014)

Citation: Andersson, L., Burman, M., & Sundström, G. (2014). Lack of Control and Wellbeing in Older Women Living Alone. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 57(4), 390-406. doi:10.1080/01634372.2013.848966 and "Uncertainty and Anxiety in Older Women Living Independently" (2018)

Citation: Chen, L., Wang, J., & Huang, X. (2018). Uncertainty and Anxiety in Older Women Living Independently. Aging & Mental Health, 22(9), 1171-1178. doi:10.1080/13607863.2017.1348482

10. Berger ER, Huffman KM, Sloane R, et al. Preoperative Allostatic Load as a Predictor of Postoperative Complications in Patients With Breast Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol. 2020;27(7):2402-2411. doi:10.1245/s10434-020-08290-x

11, Juster RP, McEwen BS, Lupien SJ. Allostatic load biomarkers of chronic stress and impact on health and cognition. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2010;35(1):2-16.

12. Seeman TE, McEwen BS, Rowe JW, Singer BH. Allostatic load as a marker of cumulative biological risk: MacArthur studies of successful aging. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001;98(8):4770-4775.

13. Barbosa-Leiker, C., McPherson, S., Mamey, M. R., Burns, G. L., Burduli, E., Burduli, E., ... & Roll, J. (2021). Interventions to reduce allostatic load: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Health Psychology Review, 15(2), 274-297.

14. Howe, Robert E. Underserved, Isolated Elderly Women Deserve a Break, internal memo, R4R October 2, 2023

15. "Reducing Allostatic Load Through Stress Management Intervention in Older Adults"

16. Shen, B. J., Gao, T., Liao, D. L., & Chiu, H. C. (2022). Reducing Allostatic Load Through a Multimodal Lifestyle Intervention in Older Women with Multimorbidity. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 70(1), 94-103.